Conflict and Peace

Tensions between the two countries continue to rise. Cambodia has accused Thailand of exacerbating the conflict by closing almost all border crossings. This has made it virtually impossible for tourists to enter or leave the country by land.

On Wednesday (25 June), the Iranian parliament approved a bill to suspend cooperation with the IAEA, the UN's nuclear watchdog. This was reported by the Iran International news network. However, the proposal must also be approved by the Iranian National Security Council and Iran's Supreme Leader, Ayatollah Khamenei, before it can take effect.

Hours after US President Donald Trump said his ceasefire had taken effect, Israel said it intercepted two Iranian missiles, with Defence Minister Israel Katz vowing that the military would "respond forcefully". Israel had stated on Tuesday it agreed to Trump's declaration of a ceasefire with Iran, adding that it had achieved all its objectives in the 12-day war with its arch-enemy. According to AFP, Iran denied launching missiles at Israel after the ceasefire announcement, and said it had "compelled" Israel to "unilaterally halt its aggression", while stopping short of officially accepting the ceasefire plan.

NATO summits are usually orderly affairs, prepared well in advance, and an opportunity for the partners in the military alliance to show unity and resolve. The forthcoming Nato Summit in The Hague, on Tuesday and Wednesday, 24 and 25 June is different. As the BBC put it, there will be 32 leaders from Europe and North America present, but “only one man matters  - NATO's summit is all about Trump”. With three wars on its borders, NATO needed a good summit in The Hague. Whilst managing Mr Trump, the 31 other leaders in The Hague need to think of the future.

US president, Donald Trump, has said that the American military has completed strikes on three nuclear sites in Iran, including Fordo, Natanz and Esfahan. "We have completed our very successful attack on the three Nuclear sites in Iran, including Fordow, Natanz, and Esfahan. All planes are now outside of Iran air space," he wrote on Truth Social. Trump added that a "full payload of bombs" were dropped on Fordo and all planes were on their way back to the US. In a national televised address from the White House, Trump warned  Iran it must make peace of future attacks will be "far greater". The UN Secretary-General António Guterres described the United States’ bombing of three nuclear sites in Iran as a “dangerous escalation” on Saturday following eight days of deadly strikes and counter strikes between Tehran and Tel Aviv. “I am gravely alarmed by the use of force by the United States against Iran today,” said the UN chief, reiterating that there is no military solution “This is a dangerous escalation in a region already on the edge – and a direct threat to international peace and security.”

In a statement released on Thursday (19 June), the U.S. President set a two-week deadline to decide whether the United States should launch a military strike on Iran amid growing concerns over Tehran’s alleged nuclear capabilities.

The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and Rwanda are set to sign a peace agreement on 27 June in Washington, following months of negotiations brokered by the United States. The deal aims to bring an end to renewed fighting in eastern Congo, where tensions between the two countries have escalated over the presence of armed groups and cross-border military operations.