OPINION: Dennis Sammut - "The South Caucasus is changing in multiple ways"

News.Az interviews Dennis Sammut, executive director of the British organization LINKS.

Can we expect any significant changes in the foreign policy of Armenia after the presidential elections in Armenia?

We can expect continuity in the main thrust of Armenian foreign policy but with some nuanced changes.

Armenia will remain a close ally of Russia and will push for an increase in the role of the Collective Security Treaty Organisations (CSTO). In the economic sphere however Armenia will develop its relations with the European Union. It is likely that Armenia will sign an Association Agreement with the EU in November of this year.

The big question is Armenia’s relations with Turkey. How to manage this is Sargsyan’s biggest challenge. I do not speak about relations with Azerbaijan because this is for Armenia a much bigger issue than just foreign policy.

One of the main postulates in the election campaign of incumbent president of Armenia Serzh Sargsyan became the promise to launch the airport built in occupied Nagorno Karabakh soon. How may this step (if it would be taken) affect the situation in the region?

We have been told that the airport has been ready for nearly one year. The Armenian leadership does not want to be seen provoking a crisis so they are waiting for the right political moment to do so. I am myself in favour of opening the airport, but under some conditions, for example international supervision and solely for civilian use. There is no doubt that if the Armenian leadership acts unilaterally on the issue of the airport this will escalate an already tense situation. It should therefore be avoided.

It seems that the South Caucasus with domestic problems is not in the priority lists of American foreign policy. Moreover there is an opinion that after withdrawal NATO’s troops from Afghanistan American interests in the South Caucasus will decrease?

The United States is a superpower. It can handle multiple problems, so domestic considerations do not affect foreign policy in general, and certainly not the issues related with the South Caucasus. But a situation is emerging whereby the EU is now playing a much more active role in the region. This should not be a surprise. The South Caucasus is part of the EU neighbourhood, and also there are many issues that connect the EU with the region. As for Afghanistan the role of the region in Afghanistan is only a small part of a much bigger agenda between the countries of the region and the US, as well as the EU.

What will be with settlement of Karabakh conflict this year?

I think the fact that the Karabakh peace process is stalled makes the situation very dangerous. As a minimum we should see the restart of proper negotiations. If not the likelihood of a sharp escalation in violence is not only possible but likely. I do not necessarily mean an all out war. Between war and peace there is a big space in which many different things can happen.

What events should be expected in the South Caucasus this year?

Making predictions in the region is never a good idea, because the South Caucasus is always full of surprises. However one thing is certain the region is changing in multiple ways. Some of these changes are planned, others are more spontaneous. But I am more optimistic on the region this year than I was last year, or perhaps I should say, more cautiously optimistic.

Elshan Rustamov
News.Az

Related articles

Editor's choice
News
Uzbekistan calls for bigger voice for Central Asia in the UN

Uzbekistan calls for bigger voice for Central Asia in the UN

Uzbekistan called for a more effective and representative United Nations on September 23, as presidential administration chief Saida Mirziyoyeva used her address to the UN General Assembly to seek support for the country’s candidacy for a nonpermanent Security Council seat in 2035–2036. Speaking at the Assembly’s 81st session in New York, Mirziyoyeva argued that international cooperation remains necessary despite growing geopolitical divisions. She endorsed UN Secretary-General António Guterres’ UN80 reform initiative and called for an expanded Security Council, arguing that international rules should be applied consistently rather than according to the interests of powerful states. Uzbekistan’s planned chairmanship of the Non-Aligned Movement in 2027 was presented as another platform for promoting dialogue. Her emphasis on multilateralism also fits a broader Central Asian effort to increase the region’s role in international institutions. Kyrgyzstan, for example, will hold its first Security Council seat in 2027–2028. Mirziyoyeva also highlighted regional cooperation, pointing to improved relations among Central Asian states over longstanding border and water disputes. On Afghanistan, she urged countries not to view it solely as a security threat, stressing the importance of creating conditions for peaceful development. She linked Uzbekistan’s international agenda to domestic reforms, citing economic growth, falling poverty and expanded education. Climate and water security also featured prominently, with the Aral Sea serving as an example of the consequences of poor environmental management. (click image to read more)
Editor's choice
News
Kazakhstan declares national day of mourning after tragedy

Kazakhstan declares national day of mourning after tragedy

Kazakh president, Kassym-Jomart Tokayev, declared September 25 a national day of mourning following the deaths of servicemen during military exercises in the Caspian Sea. Twelve Kazakh servicemen died after being swept into the Caspian Sea during the Khazar Qorgany–2026 naval exercises in the Mangystau region on Thursday (September 24). The incident occurred after weather conditions suddenly deteriorated and winds intensified during a combat training mission. In a Telegram post, the Ministry of Defence reported that 19 servicemen had been swept into the sea. So far, three have been rescued, one of whom was hospitalized, while 12 bodies have been recovered.  Search operations were continuing for the remaining four servicemen. A large-scale rescue and recovery effort has been launched, involving Kazakhstan’s Naval Forces, the Ministry of Emergency Situations, aviation assets and other relevant services.   Deputy Prime Minister Kanat Bozumbayev, who is leading a government commission at the scene, ordered a continuous, round-the-clock search for those still missing. Authorities were also instructed to provide financial and other assistance to the families of the deceased. (click image to read in full)

Popular

Editor's choice
Interview
Thursday Interview: Murad Muradov

Thursday Interview: Murad Muradov

Today, commonspace.eu starts a new regular weekly series. THURSDAY INTERVIEW, conducted by Lauri Nikulainen, will host  persons who are thinkers, opinion shapers, and implementors in their countries and spheres. We start the series with an interview with Murad Muradov, a leading person in Azerbaijan's think tank community. He is also the first co-chair of the Action Committee for a new Armenian-Azerbaijani Dialogue. Last September he made history by being the first Azerbaijani civil society activist to visit Armenia after the 44 day war, and the start of the peace process. Speaking about this visit Murad Muradov said: "My experience was largely positive. My negative expectations luckily didn’t play out. The discussions were respectful, the panel format bringing together experts from Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Turkey was particularly valuable during the NATO Rose-Roth Seminar in Yerevan, and media coverage, while varied in tone, remained largely constructive. Some media outlets though attempted to represent me as more of a government mouthpiece than an independent expert, which was totally misleading.  Overall, I see these initiatives as important steps in rebuilding trust and normalising professional engagement. The fact that soon a larger Azerbaijani civil society visits to Armenia followed, reinforces the sense that this process is moving in the right direction." (click the image to read the interview in full)