[{"command":"add_css","data":"\u003Clink rel=\u0022stylesheet\u0022 media=\u0022all\u0022 href=\u0022\/themes\/commonspace\/css\/content\/article-teaser.css?so4jny\u0022 \/\u003E\n"},{"command":"invoke","selector":"html","method":"trigger","args":["drupalScrollTo","ul.media-tabs"]},{"command":"insert","method":"replaceWith","selector":"#teasers-wrapper-article-4","data":"\u003Cdiv id=\u0022teasers-wrapper-article-4\u0022 class=\u0022teasers-wrapper\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022row display-flex\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022col-teaser col-md-4\u0022\u003E\n\u003Carticle data-history-node-id=\u002212678\u0022 role=\u0022article\u0022 about=\u0022\/index.php\/analysis\/analysis-kazakhstan-has-balance-its-green-hydrogen-mega-project-domestic-and-ecological\u0022 typeof=\u0022schema:Article\u0022 class=\u0022node node--type-article node--promoted node--view-mode-teaser\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cspan property=\u0022schema:name\u0022 content=\u0022Analysis: Kazakhstan has to balance its Green Hydrogen mega-project with domestic and ecological constraints\u0022 class=\u0022rdf-meta hidden\u0022\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\n\n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-image-wrapper\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022colored-label label-blue label-top latest-news-label\u0022\u003EEditor\u0027s choice\u003C\/div\u003E\n      \u003Cdiv class=\u0022need-to-login\u0022\u003EThis is a members\u2019 functionality. Please \u003Ca href=\u0022\/index.php\/user\/register\u0022\u003ESign up\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n  \u003Ca href=\u0022#\u0022 class=\u0022share-icon icon-save show-popup\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\n\n              \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-type\u0022\u003EAnalysis\u003C\/div\u003E\n        \u003Ca href=\u0022\/index.php\/analysis\/analysis-kazakhstan-has-balance-its-green-hydrogen-mega-project-domestic-and-ecological\u0022\u003E\n      \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-image\u0022\u003E\n        \u003Cimg class=\u0022article-image-src\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/www.commonspace.eu\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/normal_teaser\/public\/2024-05\/kazakhstan%20hydrogen.jpeg?itok=tn9XmAfU\u0022 alt=\u0022Analysis: Kazakhstan has to balance its Green Hydrogen mega-project with domestic and ecological constraints\u0022\u003E\n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n    \u003C\/a\u003E\n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-content\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022colored-label label-blue label-top trending-label\u0022\u003ETrending\u003C\/div\u003E\n    \u003Cul class=\u0022categories\u0022\u003E\n              \u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca\n            href=\u0022\/index.php\/theme\/energy\u0022\u003EEnergy\u003C\/a\u003E\n        \u003C\/li\u003E\n              \u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca\n            href=\u0022\/index.php\/theme\/environment-and-habitat\u0022\u003EEnvironment and Habitat\u003C\/a\u003E\n        \u003C\/li\u003E\n                    \u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca\n            href=\u0022\/index.php\/region\/central-asia\u0022\u003ECentral Asia\u003C\/a\u003E\n        \u003C\/li\u003E\n          \u003C\/ul\u003E\n    \u003Ca href=\u0022\/index.php\/analysis\/analysis-kazakhstan-has-balance-its-green-hydrogen-mega-project-domestic-and-ecological\u0022\u003E\n      \u003Ch3\u003E\u003Cspan property=\u0022schema:name\u0022 class=\u0022field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden\u0022\u003EAnalysis: Kazakhstan has to balance its Green Hydrogen mega-project with domestic and ecological constraints\u003C\/span\u003E\n\u003C\/h3\u003E\n    \u003C\/a\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-date\u0022\u003E8 May 2024\u003C\/div\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-summary\u0022\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n          \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-authors\u0022\u003E\n                  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022author-wrapper from-cs\u0022\u003E\n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022author-image\u0022\n                                  style=\u0022background-image: url(\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/author\/public\/2024-05\/agha%20Bayramov.png?itok=moxcnkzZ);\u0022\n                             \u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022author-name\u0022\u003EAgha Bayramov\u003C\/div\u003E\n          \u003C\/div\u003E\n                      \u003C\/div\u003E\n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/article\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003Cdiv class=\u0022col-teaser col-md-4\u0022\u003E\n\u003Carticle data-history-node-id=\u002212548\u0022 role=\u0022article\u0022 about=\u0022\/index.php\/analysis\/unblocking-caspian-route-turkmen-gas\u0022 typeof=\u0022schema:Article\u0022 class=\u0022node node--type-article node--promoted node--view-mode-teaser\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cspan property=\u0022schema:name\u0022 content=\u0022Unblocking the Caspian route for Turkmen gas\u0022 class=\u0022rdf-meta hidden\u0022\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\n\n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-image-wrapper\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022colored-label label-blue label-top latest-news-label\u0022\u003EEditor\u0027s choice\u003C\/div\u003E\n      \u003Cdiv class=\u0022need-to-login\u0022\u003EThis is a members\u2019 functionality. Please \u003Ca href=\u0022\/index.php\/user\/register\u0022\u003ESign up\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n  \u003Ca href=\u0022#\u0022 class=\u0022share-icon icon-save show-popup\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\n\n              \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-type\u0022\u003EAnalysis\u003C\/div\u003E\n        \u003Ca href=\u0022\/index.php\/analysis\/unblocking-caspian-route-turkmen-gas\u0022\u003E\n      \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-image\u0022\u003E\n        \u003Cimg class=\u0022article-image-src\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/www.commonspace.eu\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/normal_teaser\/public\/2024-01\/Turkmen%20Gas.jpg?itok=pTDA_4LO\u0022 alt=\u0022Unblocking the Caspian route for Turkmen gas\u0022\u003E\n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n    \u003C\/a\u003E\n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-content\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022colored-label label-blue label-top trending-label\u0022\u003ETrending\u003C\/div\u003E\n    \u003Cul class=\u0022categories\u0022\u003E\n              \u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca\n            href=\u0022\/index.php\/theme\/diplomacy\u0022\u003EDiplomacy\u003C\/a\u003E\n        \u003C\/li\u003E\n              \u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca\n            href=\u0022\/index.php\/theme\/energy\u0022\u003EEnergy\u003C\/a\u003E\n        \u003C\/li\u003E\n                    \u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca\n            href=\u0022\/index.php\/region\/central-asia\u0022\u003ECentral Asia\u003C\/a\u003E\n        \u003C\/li\u003E\n              \u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca\n            href=\u0022\/index.php\/region\/global\u0022\u003EGlobal\u003C\/a\u003E\n        \u003C\/li\u003E\n              \u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca\n            href=\u0022\/index.php\/region\/south-caucasus\u0022\u003ESouth Caucasus\u003C\/a\u003E\n        \u003C\/li\u003E\n          \u003C\/ul\u003E\n    \u003Ca href=\u0022\/index.php\/analysis\/unblocking-caspian-route-turkmen-gas\u0022\u003E\n      \u003Ch3\u003E\u003Cspan property=\u0022schema:name\u0022 class=\u0022field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden\u0022\u003EUnblocking the Caspian route for Turkmen gas\u003C\/span\u003E\n\u003C\/h3\u003E\n    \u003C\/a\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-date\u0022\u003E23 January 2024\u003C\/div\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-summary\u0022\u003ETurkmenistan, for decades considered one of the most closed countries in the world, is moving towards modest attempts at opening up its economy. Western sanctions against Russia which caused a gradual halt to energy supply from Russia to Europe and swelling Russian gas supplies to China, once Turkmenistan\u2019s almost-exclusive client, made Ashgabat face a new reality that challenged its longstanding economic model, resulting in a significant deterioration of living standards and social discontent. Against this background, the country had to start considering options for diversifying its gas export geography and attracting foreign investment, writes Murad Muradov in this analysis prepared for commonspace.eu. The big question remains however whether the long-cherished idea of the Transcaspian pipeline, a link which would bring Turkmenistan\u2019s gas to European markets, will finally come to fruition after many years of aborted attempts and uncertainty. This may be within reach sooner and faster than expected.\u003C\/div\u003E\n          \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-authors\u0022\u003E\n                  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022author-wrapper from-cs\u0022\u003E\n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022author-image\u0022\n                                  style=\u0022background-image: url(\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/author\/public\/2023-03\/murad-muradovjpg-1648641380.png?itok=W8PzY8wY);\u0022\n                             \u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022author-name\u0022\u003EMurad Muradov\u003C\/div\u003E\n          \u003C\/div\u003E\n                      \u003C\/div\u003E\n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/article\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003Cdiv class=\u0022col-teaser col-md-4\u0022\u003E\n\u003Carticle data-history-node-id=\u002212240\u0022 role=\u0022article\u0022 about=\u0022\/index.php\/analysis\/briefing-intensive-diplomatic-efforts-around-armenia-azerbaijan-peace-process\u0022 typeof=\u0022schema:Article\u0022 class=\u0022node node--type-article node--promoted node--view-mode-teaser\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cspan property=\u0022schema:name\u0022 content=\u0022Briefing: intensive diplomatic efforts around the Armenia-Azerbaijan peace process\u0022 class=\u0022rdf-meta hidden\u0022\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\n\n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-image-wrapper\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022colored-label label-blue label-top latest-news-label\u0022\u003EEditor\u0027s choice\u003C\/div\u003E\n      \u003Cdiv class=\u0022need-to-login\u0022\u003EThis is a members\u2019 functionality. Please \u003Ca href=\u0022\/index.php\/user\/register\u0022\u003ESign up\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n  \u003Ca href=\u0022#\u0022 class=\u0022share-icon icon-save show-popup\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\n\n              \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-type\u0022\u003EAnalysis\u003C\/div\u003E\n        \u003Ca href=\u0022\/index.php\/analysis\/briefing-intensive-diplomatic-efforts-around-armenia-azerbaijan-peace-process\u0022\u003E\n      \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-image\u0022\u003E\n        \u003Cimg class=\u0022article-image-src\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/www.commonspace.eu\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/normal_teaser\/public\/2023-06\/Armenia-and-Azerbaijan-new-talks-in-Moscow-Chisinau-and-Ankara.png?itok=q07_lLQ1\u0022 alt=\u0022Briefing: intensive diplomatic efforts around the Armenia-Azerbaijan peace process\u0022\u003E\n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n    \u003C\/a\u003E\n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-content\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022colored-label label-blue label-top trending-label\u0022\u003ETrending\u003C\/div\u003E\n    \u003Cul class=\u0022categories\u0022\u003E\n              \u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca\n            href=\u0022\/index.php\/theme\/conflict-and-peace\u0022\u003EConflict and Peace\u003C\/a\u003E\n        \u003C\/li\u003E\n              \u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca\n            href=\u0022\/index.php\/theme\/diplomacy\u0022\u003EDiplomacy\u003C\/a\u003E\n        \u003C\/li\u003E\n                    \u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca\n            href=\u0022\/index.php\/region\/south-caucasus\u0022\u003ESouth Caucasus\u003C\/a\u003E\n        \u003C\/li\u003E\n          \u003C\/ul\u003E\n    \u003Ca href=\u0022\/index.php\/analysis\/briefing-intensive-diplomatic-efforts-around-armenia-azerbaijan-peace-process\u0022\u003E\n      \u003Ch3\u003E\u003Cspan property=\u0022schema:name\u0022 class=\u0022field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden\u0022\u003EBriefing: intensive diplomatic efforts around the Armenia-Azerbaijan peace process\u003C\/span\u003E\n\u003C\/h3\u003E\n    \u003C\/a\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-date\u0022\u003E9 June 2023\u003C\/div\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-summary\u0022\u003EIntense diplomatic efforts over the last month are a good reflection of a sustained determination on the part of Armenia and Azerbaijan to bring their decades-old conflict to an end, and sign a peace agreement, writes\u00a0commonspace.eu.\r\n\r\nMeetings between president Ilham Aliyev of Azerbaijan and prime minister Nikol Pashinyan of Armenia were held in Brussels on 15 May, with the mediation of EU Council president Charles Michel. The three leaders met again on 1 June in Chisinau, this time also with the participation of French President Emmanuel Macron and German Chancellor Olaf Scholz. Aliyev and Pashinyan met, together with president Putin of Russia, in Moscow on 25 May. And on 4 June the leaders of both Armenia and Azerbaijan were in Ankara for the inauguration of President Recep Tayyip Erdogan\u2019s new term in office, where they also met informally. The next formal meeting is now set to be held in July in Brussels.\r\n\r\nA lot is also going on behind the scenes with European and American envoys travelling in the region.\u003C\/div\u003E\n          \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-authors\u0022\u003E\n                      \u003C\/div\u003E\n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/article\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003Cdiv class=\u0022col-teaser col-md-4\u0022\u003E\n\u003Carticle data-history-node-id=\u002212212\u0022 role=\u0022article\u0022 about=\u0022\/index.php\/analysis\/analysis-landmine-contamination-azerbaijans-aghdam-region-prevents-tens-thousands\u0022 typeof=\u0022schema:Article\u0022 class=\u0022node node--type-article node--promoted node--view-mode-teaser\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cspan property=\u0022schema:name\u0022 content=\u0022Analysis: Landmine contamination in Azerbaijan\u2019s Aghdam region prevents tens of thousands of displaced persons from returning to their homes\u0022 class=\u0022rdf-meta hidden\u0022\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\n\n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-image-wrapper\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022colored-label label-blue label-top latest-news-label\u0022\u003EEditor\u0027s choice\u003C\/div\u003E\n      \u003Cdiv class=\u0022need-to-login\u0022\u003EThis is a members\u2019 functionality. Please \u003Ca href=\u0022\/index.php\/user\/register\u0022\u003ESign up\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n  \u003Ca href=\u0022#\u0022 class=\u0022share-icon icon-save show-popup\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\n\n              \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-type\u0022\u003EAnalysis\u003C\/div\u003E\n        \u003Ca href=\u0022\/index.php\/analysis\/analysis-landmine-contamination-azerbaijans-aghdam-region-prevents-tens-thousands\u0022\u003E\n      \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-image\u0022\u003E\n        \u003Cimg class=\u0022article-image-src\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/www.commonspace.eu\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/normal_teaser\/public\/2023-05\/Agdam_1.jpeg?itok=aQQ19pKA\u0022 alt=\u0022Analysis: Landmine contamination in Azerbaijan\u2019s Aghdam region prevents tens of thousands of displaced persons from returning to their homes\u0022\u003E\n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n    \u003C\/a\u003E\n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-content\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022colored-label label-blue label-top trending-label\u0022\u003ETrending\u003C\/div\u003E\n    \u003Cul class=\u0022categories\u0022\u003E\n              \u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca\n            href=\u0022\/index.php\/theme\/conflict-and-peace\u0022\u003EConflict and Peace\u003C\/a\u003E\n        \u003C\/li\u003E\n              \u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca\n            href=\u0022\/index.php\/theme\/equality-and-human-rights\u0022\u003EEquality and Human Rights\u003C\/a\u003E\n        \u003C\/li\u003E\n              \u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca\n            href=\u0022\/index.php\/theme\/landmine-free-south-caucasus\u0022\u003ELandmine Free South Caucasus\u003C\/a\u003E\n        \u003C\/li\u003E\n                    \u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca\n            href=\u0022\/index.php\/region\/south-caucasus\u0022\u003ESouth Caucasus\u003C\/a\u003E\n        \u003C\/li\u003E\n          \u003C\/ul\u003E\n    \u003Ca href=\u0022\/index.php\/analysis\/analysis-landmine-contamination-azerbaijans-aghdam-region-prevents-tens-thousands\u0022\u003E\n      \u003Ch3\u003E\u003Cspan property=\u0022schema:name\u0022 class=\u0022field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden\u0022\u003EAnalysis: Landmine contamination in Azerbaijan\u2019s Aghdam region prevents tens of thousands of displaced persons from returning to their homes\u003C\/span\u003E\n\u003C\/h3\u003E\n    \u003C\/a\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-date\u0022\u003E30 May 2023\u003C\/div\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-summary\u0022\u003EThe dust of war from the decades-long conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan has started to settle, and although peace remains elusive, there is hope across the region for a better future. No-one has waited for this moment more than the hundreds of thousands of Azerbaijanis who were displaced by the First Karabakh War in the early 1990s.\u003C\/div\u003E\n          \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-authors\u0022\u003E\n                  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022author-wrapper from-cs\u0022\u003E\n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022author-image\u0022\n                                  style=\u0022background-image: url(\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/author\/public\/2025-05\/Subject.png?itok=xLDDtalZ);\u0022\n                             \u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022author-name\u0022\u003EMaximiliaan van Lange\u003C\/div\u003E\n          \u003C\/div\u003E\n                      \u003C\/div\u003E\n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/article\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003Cdiv class=\u0022col-teaser col-md-4\u0022\u003E\n\u003Carticle data-history-node-id=\u002212206\u0022 role=\u0022article\u0022 about=\u0022\/index.php\/analysis\/briefing-pashinyan-ready-sign-not-everyone-stepanakert-happy-baku-hopeful-keeping-pressure\u0022 typeof=\u0022schema:Article\u0022 class=\u0022node node--type-article node--promoted node--view-mode-teaser\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cspan property=\u0022schema:name\u0022 content=\u0022Briefing: Pashinyan ready to sign, not everyone in Stepanakert is happy, Baku hopeful but keeping up pressure\u0022 class=\u0022rdf-meta hidden\u0022\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\n\n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-image-wrapper\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022colored-label label-blue label-top latest-news-label\u0022\u003EEditor\u0027s choice\u003C\/div\u003E\n      \u003Cdiv class=\u0022need-to-login\u0022\u003EThis is a members\u2019 functionality. Please \u003Ca href=\u0022\/index.php\/user\/register\u0022\u003ESign up\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n  \u003Ca href=\u0022#\u0022 class=\u0022share-icon icon-save show-popup\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\n\n              \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-type\u0022\u003EAnalysis\u003C\/div\u003E\n        \u003Ca href=\u0022\/index.php\/analysis\/briefing-pashinyan-ready-sign-not-everyone-stepanakert-happy-baku-hopeful-keeping-pressure\u0022\u003E\n      \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-image\u0022\u003E\n        \u003Cimg class=\u0022article-image-src\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/www.commonspace.eu\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/normal_teaser\/public\/2023-05\/Pashinyan-22-May-2023-800x450.png?itok=I1zF-gZj\u0022 alt=\u0022Briefing: Pashinyan ready to sign, not everyone in Stepanakert is happy, Baku hopeful but keeping up pressure\u0022\u003E\n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n    \u003C\/a\u003E\n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-content\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022colored-label label-blue label-top trending-label\u0022\u003ETrending\u003C\/div\u003E\n    \u003Cul class=\u0022categories\u0022\u003E\n              \u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca\n            href=\u0022\/index.php\/theme\/conflict-and-peace\u0022\u003EConflict and Peace\u003C\/a\u003E\n        \u003C\/li\u003E\n              \u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca\n            href=\u0022\/index.php\/theme\/diplomacy\u0022\u003EDiplomacy\u003C\/a\u003E\n        \u003C\/li\u003E\n                    \u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca\n            href=\u0022\/index.php\/region\/south-caucasus\u0022\u003ESouth Caucasus\u003C\/a\u003E\n        \u003C\/li\u003E\n          \u003C\/ul\u003E\n    \u003Ca href=\u0022\/index.php\/analysis\/briefing-pashinyan-ready-sign-not-everyone-stepanakert-happy-baku-hopeful-keeping-pressure\u0022\u003E\n      \u003Ch3\u003E\u003Cspan property=\u0022schema:name\u0022 class=\u0022field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden\u0022\u003EBriefing: Pashinyan ready to sign, not everyone in Stepanakert is happy, Baku hopeful but keeping up pressure\u003C\/span\u003E\n\u003C\/h3\u003E\n    \u003C\/a\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-date\u0022\u003E25 May 2023\u003C\/div\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-summary\u0022\u003EAs Armenia and Azerbaijan edge closer to signing an agreement ending decades of conflict between them, the future of the Armenian population in Nagorno-Karabakh remains one of the most crucial outstanding issues, writes commonspace.eu.\r\n\r\nIntense discussions and negotiations have been ongoing throughout May, with meetings in Washington, Brussels and Moscow involving the leaders of the two countries, their foreign ministers, and other senior officials. In a lengthy press conference on 22 May, Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan said that he wants to reach an agreement \u0026quot;as soon as possible\u0026quot;.\r\n\r\nThe international community\u0026#039;s perception of the negotiations is that Armenia and Azerbaijan should, without reservations, recognise each other\u0026#039;s territorial integrity of 29,800 square kilometers and 86,600 square kilometers, respectively, said Pashinyan.\u003C\/div\u003E\n          \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-authors\u0022\u003E\n                  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022author-wrapper \u0022\u003E\n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022author-image\u0022\n                                  style=\u0022background-image: url(\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/author\/public\/2021-05\/icon_commonspace%20FC%404x.png?itok=2fcfkHie);\u0022\n                             \u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022author-name\u0022\u003Ecommonspace.eu editorial team\u003C\/div\u003E\n          \u003C\/div\u003E\n                      \u003C\/div\u003E\n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/article\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003Cdiv class=\u0022col-teaser col-md-4\u0022\u003E\n\u003Carticle data-history-node-id=\u002212026\u0022 role=\u0022article\u0022 about=\u0022\/index.php\/analysis\/chained-dead-turkmenistans-energy-and-connectivity-partnership-russia\u0022 typeof=\u0022schema:Article\u0022 class=\u0022node node--type-article node--promoted node--view-mode-teaser\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cspan property=\u0022schema:name\u0022 content=\u0022Chained to the dead? Turkmenistan\u2019s energy and connectivity partnership with Russia\u0022 class=\u0022rdf-meta hidden\u0022\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\n\n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-image-wrapper\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022colored-label label-blue label-top latest-news-label\u0022\u003EEditor\u0027s choice\u003C\/div\u003E\n      \u003Cdiv class=\u0022need-to-login\u0022\u003EThis is a members\u2019 functionality. Please \u003Ca href=\u0022\/index.php\/user\/register\u0022\u003ESign up\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n  \u003Ca href=\u0022#\u0022 class=\u0022share-icon icon-save show-popup\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\n\n              \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-type\u0022\u003EAnalysis\u003C\/div\u003E\n        \u003Ca href=\u0022\/index.php\/analysis\/chained-dead-turkmenistans-energy-and-connectivity-partnership-russia\u0022\u003E\n      \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-image\u0022\u003E\n        \u003Cimg class=\u0022article-image-src\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/www.commonspace.eu\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/normal_teaser\/public\/2023-03\/T_T_Rus_gas.png?itok=kflAETTO\u0022 alt=\u0022Chained to the dead? Turkmenistan\u2019s energy and connectivity partnership with Russia\u0022\u003E\n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n    \u003C\/a\u003E\n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-content\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022colored-label label-blue label-top trending-label\u0022\u003ETrending\u003C\/div\u003E\n    \u003Cul class=\u0022categories\u0022\u003E\n              \u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca\n            href=\u0022\/index.php\/theme\/connectivity\u0022\u003EConnectivity\u003C\/a\u003E\n        \u003C\/li\u003E\n              \u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca\n            href=\u0022\/index.php\/theme\/energy\u0022\u003EEnergy\u003C\/a\u003E\n        \u003C\/li\u003E\n                    \u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca\n            href=\u0022\/index.php\/region\/central-asia\u0022\u003ECentral Asia\u003C\/a\u003E\n        \u003C\/li\u003E\n          \u003C\/ul\u003E\n    \u003Ca href=\u0022\/index.php\/analysis\/chained-dead-turkmenistans-energy-and-connectivity-partnership-russia\u0022\u003E\n      \u003Ch3\u003E\u003Cspan property=\u0022schema:name\u0022 class=\u0022field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden\u0022\u003EChained to the dead? Turkmenistan\u2019s energy and connectivity partnership with Russia\u003C\/span\u003E\n\u003C\/h3\u003E\n    \u003C\/a\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-date\u0022\u003E20 March 2023\u003C\/div\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-summary\u0022\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n          \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-authors\u0022\u003E\n                  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022author-wrapper from-cs\u0022\u003E\n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022author-image\u0022\n                                  style=\u0022background-image: url(\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/author\/public\/2021-07\/1627570390141blob-removebg-preview-removebg-preview.png?itok=cP4RhVP9);\u0022\n                             \u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022author-name\u0022\u003EMahammad Mammadov\u003C\/div\u003E\n          \u003C\/div\u003E\n                      \u003C\/div\u003E\n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/article\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003Cdiv class=\u0022col-teaser col-md-4\u0022\u003E\n\u003Carticle data-history-node-id=\u002211849\u0022 role=\u0022article\u0022 about=\u0022\/index.php\/analysis\/kazakhstan-looks-back-difficult-2022-determined-pursue-change-and-reform-2023\u0022 typeof=\u0022schema:Article\u0022 class=\u0022node node--type-article node--promoted node--view-mode-teaser\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cspan property=\u0022schema:name\u0022 content=\u0022Kazakhstan looks back at a difficult 2022, determined to pursue change and reform in 2023\u0022 class=\u0022rdf-meta hidden\u0022\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\n\n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-image-wrapper\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022colored-label label-blue label-top latest-news-label\u0022\u003EEditor\u0027s choice\u003C\/div\u003E\n      \u003Cdiv class=\u0022need-to-login\u0022\u003EThis is a members\u2019 functionality. Please \u003Ca href=\u0022\/index.php\/user\/register\u0022\u003ESign up\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n  \u003Ca href=\u0022#\u0022 class=\u0022share-icon icon-save show-popup\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\n\n              \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-type\u0022\u003EAnalysis\u003C\/div\u003E\n        \u003Ca href=\u0022\/index.php\/analysis\/kazakhstan-looks-back-difficult-2022-determined-pursue-change-and-reform-2023\u0022\u003E\n      \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-image\u0022\u003E\n        \u003Cimg class=\u0022article-image-src\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/www.commonspace.eu\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/normal_teaser\/public\/2022-12\/tokayev%20addressing%20Kazakh%20Senate%20on%20291222.jpg?itok=UN8cmo-D\u0022 alt=\u0022Kazakhstan looks back at a difficult 2022, determined to pursue change and reform in 2023\u0022\u003E\n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n    \u003C\/a\u003E\n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-content\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022colored-label label-blue label-top trending-label\u0022\u003ETrending\u003C\/div\u003E\n    \u003Cul class=\u0022categories\u0022\u003E\n              \u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca\n            href=\u0022\/index.php\/theme\/domestic-politics\u0022\u003EDomestic Politics\u003C\/a\u003E\n        \u003C\/li\u003E\n                    \u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca\n            href=\u0022\/index.php\/region\/central-asia\u0022\u003ECentral Asia\u003C\/a\u003E\n        \u003C\/li\u003E\n          \u003C\/ul\u003E\n    \u003Ca href=\u0022\/index.php\/analysis\/kazakhstan-looks-back-difficult-2022-determined-pursue-change-and-reform-2023\u0022\u003E\n      \u003Ch3\u003E\u003Cspan property=\u0022schema:name\u0022 class=\u0022field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden\u0022\u003EKazakhstan looks back at a difficult 2022, determined to pursue change and reform in 2023\u003C\/span\u003E\n\u003C\/h3\u003E\n    \u003C\/a\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-date\u0022\u003E30 December 2022\u003C\/div\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-summary\u0022\u003EFor the Central Asian republic of Kazakhstan, this year has probably been the most difficult one since its independence in 1991. Yet the country has emerged from it stronger. The process of reform initiated by President Kassym Jomart Tokayev appears to be gathering momentum, despite resistance from parts of the ruling elite still associated with the country\u2019s first president Nursultan Nazarbayev.\r\n\r\nOn Thursday, 29 December, Tokayev addressed the Kazakh Senate in the capital, Astana, where he summed up the year\u2019s results.\r\n\r\n\u201cThis year, the country has been through a lot, but we managed to overcome all difficulties,\u201d said the President. Tokayev paid particular attention to preserving stability and security, and paving the way for the dynamic development of the state is a priority for Kazakhstan. The reforms in all spheres will be continued into the following year. In early January Kazakhstan faced an unprecedented upheaval, initially triggered by price rises, but which soon got hijacked by elements close to the previous president, Nursultan Nazarbayev, who were unhappy with the reforms being implemented, and most of all with the clampdown on corruption which had started to affect them. At this point Nazarbayev still held control over several leverages of power, including as Head of the Security Council and as President of the ruling party. The disturbances were contained but at considerable human and material costs.  \u003C\/div\u003E\n          \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-authors\u0022\u003E\n                      \u003C\/div\u003E\n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/article\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003Cdiv class=\u0022col-teaser col-md-4\u0022\u003E\n\u003Carticle data-history-node-id=\u002211827\u0022 role=\u0022article\u0022 about=\u0022\/index.php\/analysis\/under-pall-war-implications-russias-invasion-ukraine-peace-processes-south-caucasus\u0022 typeof=\u0022schema:Article\u0022 class=\u0022node node--type-article node--promoted node--view-mode-teaser\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cspan property=\u0022schema:name\u0022 content=\u0022Under the Pall of War: Implications of Russia\u0026#039;s Invasion of Ukraine for Peace Processes in the South Caucasus\u0022 class=\u0022rdf-meta hidden\u0022\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\n\n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-image-wrapper\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022colored-label label-blue label-top latest-news-label\u0022\u003EEditor\u0027s choice\u003C\/div\u003E\n      \u003Cdiv class=\u0022need-to-login\u0022\u003EThis is a members\u2019 functionality. Please \u003Ca href=\u0022\/index.php\/user\/register\u0022\u003ESign up\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n  \u003Ca href=\u0022#\u0022 class=\u0022share-icon icon-save show-popup\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\n\n              \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-type\u0022\u003EAnalysis\u003C\/div\u003E\n        \u003Ca href=\u0022\/index.php\/analysis\/under-pall-war-implications-russias-invasion-ukraine-peace-processes-south-caucasus\u0022\u003E\n      \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-image\u0022\u003E\n        \u003Cimg class=\u0022article-image-src\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/www.commonspace.eu\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/normal_teaser\/public\/2022-12\/Screenshot%202022-12-19%20at%2014.02.39.png?itok=udf6Tp7u\u0022 alt=\u0022Under the Pall of War: Implications of Russia\u0026#039;s Invasion of Ukraine for Peace Processes in the South Caucasus\u0022\u003E\n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n    \u003C\/a\u003E\n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-content\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022colored-label label-blue label-top trending-label\u0022\u003ETrending\u003C\/div\u003E\n    \u003Cul class=\u0022categories\u0022\u003E\n              \u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca\n            href=\u0022\/index.php\/theme\/conflict-and-peace\u0022\u003EConflict and Peace\u003C\/a\u003E\n        \u003C\/li\u003E\n                    \u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca\n            href=\u0022\/index.php\/region\/eu-plus\u0022\u003EEU plus\u003C\/a\u003E\n        \u003C\/li\u003E\n              \u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca\n            href=\u0022\/index.php\/region\/russia\u0022\u003ERussia\u003C\/a\u003E\n        \u003C\/li\u003E\n              \u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca\n            href=\u0022\/index.php\/region\/south-caucasus\u0022\u003ESouth Caucasus\u003C\/a\u003E\n        \u003C\/li\u003E\n          \u003C\/ul\u003E\n    \u003Ca href=\u0022\/index.php\/analysis\/under-pall-war-implications-russias-invasion-ukraine-peace-processes-south-caucasus\u0022\u003E\n      \u003Ch3\u003E\u003Cspan property=\u0022schema:name\u0022 class=\u0022field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden\u0022\u003EUnder the Pall of War: Implications of Russia\u0026#039;s Invasion of Ukraine for Peace Processes in the South Caucasus\u003C\/span\u003E\n\u003C\/h3\u003E\n    \u003C\/a\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-date\u0022\u003E18 December 2022\u003C\/div\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-summary\u0022\u003ERussia\u2019s invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 shattered Europe\u2019s security architecture, with far-reaching and unpredictable implications for conflicts in neighbouring regions where Russia plays a role. This discussion paper, just published by Conciliation Resources, focuses on the impacts of war in Ukraine on the peace processes of the South Caucasus, a region fractured by protracted conflicts dating back to the 1990s.\u003C\/div\u003E\n          \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-authors\u0022\u003E\n                      \u003C\/div\u003E\n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/article\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003Cdiv class=\u0022col-teaser col-md-4\u0022\u003E\n\u003Carticle data-history-node-id=\u002211675\u0022 role=\u0022article\u0022 about=\u0022\/index.php\/analysis\/analysis-mohammed-bin-zayed-meets-putin-moscow-gulf-states-ponder-new-world-order\u0022 typeof=\u0022schema:Article\u0022 class=\u0022node node--type-article node--promoted node--view-mode-teaser\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cspan property=\u0022schema:name\u0022 content=\u0022Analysis: Mohammed bin Zayed meets Putin in Moscow as Gulf states ponder the new world order\u0022 class=\u0022rdf-meta hidden\u0022\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\n\n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-image-wrapper\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022colored-label label-blue label-top latest-news-label\u0022\u003EEditor\u0027s choice\u003C\/div\u003E\n      \u003Cdiv class=\u0022need-to-login\u0022\u003EThis is a members\u2019 functionality. Please \u003Ca href=\u0022\/index.php\/user\/register\u0022\u003ESign up\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n  \u003Ca href=\u0022#\u0022 class=\u0022share-icon icon-save show-popup\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\n\n              \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-type\u0022\u003EAnalysis\u003C\/div\u003E\n        \u003Ca href=\u0022\/index.php\/analysis\/analysis-mohammed-bin-zayed-meets-putin-moscow-gulf-states-ponder-new-world-order\u0022\u003E\n      \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-image\u0022\u003E\n        \u003Cimg class=\u0022article-image-src\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/www.commonspace.eu\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/normal_teaser\/public\/2022-10\/sheikh%20mohammed%20with%20putin.jpg?itok=dqc6Wysl\u0022 alt=\u0022Analysis: Mohammed bin Zayed meets Putin in Moscow as Gulf states ponder the new world order\u0022\u003E\n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n    \u003C\/a\u003E\n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-content\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022colored-label label-blue label-top trending-label\u0022\u003ETrending\u003C\/div\u003E\n    \u003Cul class=\u0022categories\u0022\u003E\n              \u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca\n            href=\u0022\/index.php\/theme\/diplomacy\u0022\u003EDiplomacy\u003C\/a\u003E\n        \u003C\/li\u003E\n                    \u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca\n            href=\u0022\/index.php\/region\/gulf-and-red-sea-regions\u0022\u003EGulf and Red Sea Regions\u003C\/a\u003E\n        \u003C\/li\u003E\n              \u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca\n            href=\u0022\/index.php\/region\/russia\u0022\u003ERussia\u003C\/a\u003E\n        \u003C\/li\u003E\n          \u003C\/ul\u003E\n    \u003Ca href=\u0022\/index.php\/analysis\/analysis-mohammed-bin-zayed-meets-putin-moscow-gulf-states-ponder-new-world-order\u0022\u003E\n      \u003Ch3\u003E\u003Cspan property=\u0022schema:name\u0022 class=\u0022field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden\u0022\u003EAnalysis: Mohammed bin Zayed meets Putin in Moscow as Gulf states ponder the new world order\u003C\/span\u003E\n\u003C\/h3\u003E\n    \u003C\/a\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-date\u0022\u003E11 October 2022\u003C\/div\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-summary\u0022\u003EThe president of the United Arab Emirates (UAE), met in Moscow on Tuesday (11 October) with president Valdimir Putin of Russia. Putin warmly greeted his UAE guest at the Kostantinovsky Palace. The visit comes as Gulf states ponder about the new world order, Even before the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the world order that had emerged at the end of the Cold War had clearly run out of steam. Russia and the West, instead of partners in the international system through membership of the G8, cooperation in space, and extensive arms control agreements, became first rivals, and, since February this year, enemies. China, whose rise over the last four decades as an economic power was first admired, has subsequently become a \u201csystematic rival\u201d. As it verges on superpower status it has become more assertive and less predictable. The US and its allies are seriously worried.\u00a0\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nFor the countries of the Gulf this new world order is uncharted waters. During the Cold War the Gulf was first a British lake, and later an American one. The American shield protected the Gulf states against intruders. When Iraq invaded Kuwait and occupied it in 1990, the US and its allies led the international community in a fightback, and Saddam Hussein was driven back across the border with a bloody nose. When he tried to rear his head again, the West finished him off. Then there was Iran. A huge American presence, with other allies in the wings, saw off Iranian ambitions in the region. It seemed that US-GCC relations were set in stone.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nYet as the world reverted back to a multipolar state - the parameters of which are as yet undefined - it was only the na\u00efve who thought that the GCC states will simply slide back to their old role of doing the USA\u0026#039;s bidding in return for protection. Things in the Gulf have changed dramatically in the last six decades, and in the last decade in particular, in political terms the region is unrecognisable. In Abu Dhabi, Riyadh, Doha and elsewhere the national interest has been re-defined.\u00a0\u003C\/div\u003E\n          \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-authors\u0022\u003E\n                  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022author-wrapper \u0022\u003E\n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022author-image\u0022\n                                  style=\u0022background-image: url(\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/author\/public\/2021-05\/icon_commonspace%20FC%404x.png?itok=2fcfkHie);\u0022\n                             \u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022author-name\u0022\u003Ecommonspace.eu editorial team\u003C\/div\u003E\n          \u003C\/div\u003E\n                      \u003C\/div\u003E\n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/article\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003Cdiv class=\u0022col-teaser col-md-4\u0022\u003E\n\u003Carticle data-history-node-id=\u002211620\u0022 role=\u0022article\u0022 about=\u0022\/index.php\/analysis\/analysis-russias-wagner-group-poses-threat-peace-and-security-sahel\u0022 typeof=\u0022schema:Article\u0022 class=\u0022node node--type-article node--promoted node--view-mode-teaser\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cspan property=\u0022schema:name\u0022 content=\u0022Analysis: Russia\u0026#039;s \u0026quot;Wagner group\u0026quot; poses a threat to peace and security in the Sahel\u0022 class=\u0022rdf-meta hidden\u0022\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\n\n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-image-wrapper\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022colored-label label-blue label-top latest-news-label\u0022\u003EEditor\u0027s choice\u003C\/div\u003E\n      \u003Cdiv class=\u0022need-to-login\u0022\u003EThis is a members\u2019 functionality. Please \u003Ca href=\u0022\/index.php\/user\/register\u0022\u003ESign up\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n  \u003Ca href=\u0022#\u0022 class=\u0022share-icon icon-save show-popup\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\n\n              \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-type\u0022\u003EAnalysis\u003C\/div\u003E\n        \u003Ca href=\u0022\/index.php\/analysis\/analysis-russias-wagner-group-poses-threat-peace-and-security-sahel\u0022\u003E\n      \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-image\u0022\u003E\n        \u003Cimg class=\u0022article-image-src\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/www.commonspace.eu\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/normal_teaser\/public\/2022-09\/Good.jpeg?itok=zgYgfP48\u0022 alt=\u0022Analysis: Russia\u0026#039;s \u0026quot;Wagner group\u0026quot; poses a threat to peace and security in the Sahel\u0022\u003E\n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n    \u003C\/a\u003E\n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-content\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022colored-label label-blue label-top trending-label\u0022\u003ETrending\u003C\/div\u003E\n    \u003Cul class=\u0022categories\u0022\u003E\n              \u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca\n            href=\u0022\/index.php\/theme\/conflict-and-peace\u0022\u003EConflict and Peace\u003C\/a\u003E\n        \u003C\/li\u003E\n              \u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca\n            href=\u0022\/index.php\/theme\/radicalisation\u0022\u003ERadicalisation\u003C\/a\u003E\n        \u003C\/li\u003E\n                    \u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca\n            href=\u0022\/index.php\/region\/north-africa-and-sahel\u0022\u003ENorth Africa and the Sahel\u003C\/a\u003E\n        \u003C\/li\u003E\n          \u003C\/ul\u003E\n    \u003Ca href=\u0022\/index.php\/analysis\/analysis-russias-wagner-group-poses-threat-peace-and-security-sahel\u0022\u003E\n      \u003Ch3\u003E\u003Cspan property=\u0022schema:name\u0022 class=\u0022field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden\u0022\u003EAnalysis: Russia\u0026#039;s \u0026quot;Wagner group\u0026quot; poses a threat to peace and security in the Sahel\u003C\/span\u003E\n\u003C\/h3\u003E\n    \u003C\/a\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-date\u0022\u003E21 September 2022\u003C\/div\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-summary\u0022\u003EWhile the world\u2019s attention is focused on Russia\u2019s invasion of Ukraine, Russia\u2019s presence in Africa, and particularly in Mali, increasingly represents a threat to international security, writes Camille Victor for commonspace.eu.\r\n\r\nRussia\u2019s presence in Mali has generated considerable controversy since the end of 2021, with many Western powers denouncing\u00a0the activities of the Russian \u201cWagner Group\u201d paramilitary mercenaries in the country, accusing them of violating human rights and the rule of law. Indeed, while Mali had been cooperating closely with France in the fight against terrorism since 2013, the Malian junta that seized power in a coup in May 2021 has drastically changed its foreign policy, now turning to Moscow to help stabilise the security situation by employing the services of this shady Kremlin-linked private security group. Given that Mali\u2019s security is currently in the hands of forces that not only fail to effectively counter an increasing terrorist threat, but also to fail to respect human rights and the rule of law, all the while facing zero accountability for their abuses, ensuring that the junta upholds its commitment to conduct democratic elections in 2024 must remain a priority. In the meantime, an integrated security risk management and peacebuilding strategy should include measures that encourage transparency and accountability for abuses and breaches to the rule of law committed by security forces, notably through strengthening civilian institutions and oversight mechanisms.\u003C\/div\u003E\n          \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-authors\u0022\u003E\n                  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022author-wrapper from-cs\u0022\u003E\n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022author-image\u0022\n                                  style=\u0022background-image: url(\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/author\/public\/2021-07\/Cam_WES-removebg-preview-removebg-preview.png?itok=8svk0yUE);\u0022\n                             \u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022author-name\u0022\u003ECamille Victor\u003C\/div\u003E\n          \u003C\/div\u003E\n                      \u003C\/div\u003E\n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/article\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003Cdiv class=\u0022col-teaser col-md-4\u0022\u003E\n\u003Carticle data-history-node-id=\u002211564\u0022 role=\u0022article\u0022 about=\u0022\/index.php\/analysis\/analysis-origins-houthi-supremacist-ideology\u0022 typeof=\u0022schema:Article\u0022 class=\u0022node node--type-article node--promoted node--view-mode-teaser\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cspan property=\u0022schema:name\u0022 content=\u0022Analysis: Origins of the Houthi supremacist ideology\u0022 class=\u0022rdf-meta hidden\u0022\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\n\n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-image-wrapper\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022colored-label label-blue label-top latest-news-label\u0022\u003EEditor\u0027s choice\u003C\/div\u003E\n      \u003Cdiv class=\u0022need-to-login\u0022\u003EThis is a members\u2019 functionality. Please \u003Ca href=\u0022\/index.php\/user\/register\u0022\u003ESign up\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n  \u003Ca href=\u0022#\u0022 class=\u0022share-icon icon-save show-popup\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\n\n              \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-type\u0022\u003EAnalysis\u003C\/div\u003E\n        \u003Ca href=\u0022\/index.php\/analysis\/analysis-origins-houthi-supremacist-ideology\u0022\u003E\n      \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-image\u0022\u003E\n        \u003Cimg class=\u0022article-image-src\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/www.commonspace.eu\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/normal_teaser\/public\/2022-08\/image4.jpg?itok=F4fI_LxV\u0022 alt=\u0022Analysis: Origins of the Houthi supremacist ideology\u0022\u003E\n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n    \u003C\/a\u003E\n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-content\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022colored-label label-blue label-top trending-label\u0022\u003ETrending\u003C\/div\u003E\n    \u003Cul class=\u0022categories\u0022\u003E\n              \u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca\n            href=\u0022\/index.php\/theme\/conflict-and-peace\u0022\u003EConflict and Peace\u003C\/a\u003E\n        \u003C\/li\u003E\n              \u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca\n            href=\u0022\/index.php\/theme\/religion\u0022\u003EReligion\u003C\/a\u003E\n        \u003C\/li\u003E\n                    \u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca\n            href=\u0022\/index.php\/region\/yemen\u0022\u003EYemen\u003C\/a\u003E\n        \u003C\/li\u003E\n          \u003C\/ul\u003E\n    \u003Ca href=\u0022\/index.php\/analysis\/analysis-origins-houthi-supremacist-ideology\u0022\u003E\n      \u003Ch3\u003E\u003Cspan property=\u0022schema:name\u0022 class=\u0022field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden\u0022\u003EAnalysis: Origins of the Houthi supremacist ideology\u003C\/span\u003E\n\u003C\/h3\u003E\n    \u003C\/a\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-date\u0022\u003E23 August 2022\u003C\/div\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-summary\u0022\u003EOne of the several, often overlooked, challenges facing Yemen is the supremacist and divisive ideological basis of the Houthi movement. The movement\u2019s ideology has rebellion and violence at its core, a recipe that can perpetuate crises within a society. In this analysis for commonspace.eu, Noman Ahmed and Mahmoud Shamsan shed light on the ideological fault lines that fuel the current conflict in Yemen, highlighting the nature of this ideology, which suggests that Ahl al-Bayt \u2014 descendants from the family of the Islamic Prophet \u2014 are, by divine decree, considered to be more deserving of the\u00a0right to greater political and religious rule than other socio-political components. The analysis then looks into the background of the Houthis and argues that the ideology is a catalyst for conflict rather than peaceful political competition, and that so long as the Houthi political goal of Hashemite dominance remains unrealised, Houthi desire for conflict will not recede.\u003C\/div\u003E\n          \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-authors\u0022\u003E\n                  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022author-wrapper from-cs\u0022\u003E\n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022author-image\u0022\n                                  style=\u0022background-image: url(\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/author\/public\/2021-03\/IMG_0443-2-removebg-preview.png?itok=Vgxa_F0W);\u0022\n                             \u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022author-name\u0022\u003ENoman Ahmed\u003C\/div\u003E\n          \u003C\/div\u003E\n                          \u003Cdiv class=\u0022author-wrapper from-cs\u0022\u003E\n                          \u003Cdiv class=\u0022author-image\u0022\n                   style=\u0022background-image: url(\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/author\/public\/2022-08\/WhatsApp_Image_2022-08-23_at_3.36.11_PM-removebg-preview.png?itok=cvCgB7Zb);\u0022\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n                        \u003Cdiv class=\u0022author-name\u0022\u003EMahmoud Shamsan\u003C\/div\u003E\n          \u003C\/div\u003E\n              \u003C\/div\u003E\n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/article\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003Cdiv class=\u0022col-teaser col-md-4\u0022\u003E\n\u003Carticle data-history-node-id=\u002211492\u0022 role=\u0022article\u0022 about=\u0022\/index.php\/node\/11492\u0022 typeof=\u0022schema:Article\u0022 class=\u0022node node--type-article node--promoted node--view-mode-teaser\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cspan property=\u0022schema:name\u0022 content=\u0022Questions remain as to who was behind deadly protests in Uzbekistan\u2019s Karakalpakstan region\u0022 class=\u0022rdf-meta hidden\u0022\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\n\n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-image-wrapper\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022colored-label label-blue label-top latest-news-label\u0022\u003EEditor\u0027s choice\u003C\/div\u003E\n      \u003Cdiv class=\u0022need-to-login\u0022\u003EThis is a members\u2019 functionality. Please \u003Ca href=\u0022\/index.php\/user\/register\u0022\u003ESign up\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n  \u003Ca href=\u0022#\u0022 class=\u0022share-icon icon-save show-popup\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\n\n              \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-type\u0022\u003EAnalysis\u003C\/div\u003E\n        \u003Ca href=\u0022\/index.php\/node\/11492\u0022\u003E\n      \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-image\u0022\u003E\n        \u003Cimg class=\u0022article-image-src\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/www.commonspace.eu\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/normal_teaser\/public\/2022-07\/karakalpakstan.jpg?itok=gQLUg73r\u0022 alt=\u0022Questions remain as to who was behind deadly protests in Uzbekistan\u2019s Karakalpakstan region\u0022\u003E\n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n    \u003C\/a\u003E\n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-content\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022colored-label label-blue label-top trending-label\u0022\u003ETrending\u003C\/div\u003E\n    \u003Cul class=\u0022categories\u0022\u003E\n              \u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca\n            href=\u0022\/index.php\/theme\/domestic-politics\u0022\u003EDomestic Politics\u003C\/a\u003E\n        \u003C\/li\u003E\n                    \u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca\n            href=\u0022\/index.php\/region\/central-asia\u0022\u003ECentral Asia\u003C\/a\u003E\n        \u003C\/li\u003E\n          \u003C\/ul\u003E\n    \u003Ca href=\u0022\/index.php\/node\/11492\u0022\u003E\n      \u003Ch3\u003E\u003Cspan property=\u0022schema:name\u0022 class=\u0022field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden\u0022\u003EQuestions remain as to who was behind deadly protests in Uzbekistan\u2019s Karakalpakstan region\u003C\/span\u003E\n\u003C\/h3\u003E\n    \u003C\/a\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-date\u0022\u003E13 July 2022\u003C\/div\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-summary\u0022\u003ETwo weeks after violent protests rocked Uzbekistan\u2019s Karakalpakstan region, speculation continues about who was behind the turmoil that appeared to take officials in the capital, Tashkent, completely by surprise. This despite the fact that the reasons that triggered the unrest appear to be clear, namely proposed constitutional changes that promised to weaken the autonomy of the region, which occupies a territory, of 166,590 sq kms, and has a population of 1.9 million.\r\n\r\nOfficial reports say that 18 civilians were killed during the protests, 94 hospitalised, and hundreds more injured.\r\n\r\nThe Uzbek Government has blamed unspecified foreign forces for being behind the unrest. Uzbekistan is a tightly managed country, where such unrest is by and large unheard of, and where the only country that has the potential to provoke such wide-spread disturbances is Russia, given its longstanding and deep rooted influence in Central Asia. Some Uzbek diplomats in Europe have been briefing that the disturbances were part of a planned \u201ccolour revolution\u201d, although they did not quite explain what they meant by that. Uzbekistan is known to have been under considerable pressure from\u00a0 Moscow in recent years to join Russia-led regional structures, such as the Eurasian Economic Union and the CSTO military alliance, but president Shavkat Mirziyoyev has so far resisted the pressure.  \u003C\/div\u003E\n          \u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-authors\u0022\u003E\n                  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022author-wrapper from-cs\u0022\u003E\n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022author-image\u0022\n                                  style=\u0022background-image: url(\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/author\/public\/2021-05\/CS%20small%20logo.png?itok=TRL5ITdh);\u0022\n                             \u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022author-name\u0022\u003Ecommonspace.eu\u003C\/div\u003E\n          \u003C\/div\u003E\n                      \u003C\/div\u003E\n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/article\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n  \u003Cnav class=\u0022pager\u0022 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